Transtorno de ansiedade generalizada: revisão de literatura

Transtornos de ansiedade são os transtornos psiquiátricos mais comuns na sociedade e apresentam grandes demandas no serviço público e privado no mundo. De acordo com a OMS, o Brasil possui a população com maior taxa de transtornos de ansiedade no mundo, totalizando aproximadamente 9,3% da população com o quadro, seguido do Paraguai (7,6%) e Noruega (7,4%). Para a elaboração do trabalho foi utilizado a metodologia revisão bibliográfica integrativa. A ansiedade é considerada uma emoção humana natural, mas que de maneira excessiva torna-se patológica e gera diversos prejuízos ao indivíduo e à sociedade. A revisão apresenta como objetivo analisar epidemiologia e fatores de risco, etiologia, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico. Conclui-se através desse estudo que o diagnóstico realizado de maneira eficaz com base nos critérios recomendados pelo Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V) é fundamental para uma boa condução do tratamento psicoterápico e farmacológico do quadro. Para realizar o diagnóstico e o tratamento, o médico deve levar os critérios técnicos comprovados na literatura médica e o desejo do paciente

Carcinoma nut da linha media: massa cervical de crescimento fulminante

Introduction: The NUT carcinoma (CNM) is a rare carcinoma of squamous origin, genetically defined by rearrangements in the NUT gene (# 15q). It is an aggressive and invariably fatal tumor, involving the midline structures. It arises mainly in the head and neck region and mediastinum. Case report: Female patient, 45 years, was referred to the emergency room complaining of solid-food dysphagia, for a week. The physical exam showed a 7 cm diameter hard latero-cervical mass and a non pulsatile bulging on the hypopharynx, with extension to the retrocricoid region. Cervical CT revealed a large cervical mass (7.5 x 6 x 4.5 cm), heterogeneous, with irregular morphology, poorly defined limits, with a retropharyngeal median component, infiltrating the left lobe of the thyroid gland. PET-scan revealed pulmonary metastases. Biopsy of the lesion revealed the diagnosis of CNM. Due to worsening of the dysphagia, associated with high dyspnea, due to a rapid tumor growth, the patient was submitted to tracheotomy and percutaneous gastrostomy. The indicated treatment by the Oncology team was Carbo / Taxol chemotherapy and palliative RT, which the patient kept for 9 months, the time of her death due to the disease’s locoregional and pleuropulmonary progression. Conclusions: CNM is a rare entity with a low incidence, although it is possibly underestimated by the difficulty in distinguishing it through traditional anatomopathological examination of neoplasms with a low degree of differentiation or undifferentiated by the lack of access to a specific molecular study.Introdução: O carcinoma NUT da linha média (CNM) é um carcinoma raro de origem celular pavimentosa, definido geneticamente por rearranjos no gene NUT (#15q). É um tumor agressivo e invariavelmente fatal, que envolve as estruturas da linha média. Surge principalmente na região da cabeça e pescoço, e no mediastino. Caso clínico: Doente de 45 anos, sexo feminino, recorre ao serviço de urgência de Otorrinolaringologia com quadro de disfagia para sólidos com uma semana de evolução. Ao exame objectivo destaca-se massa látero-cervical de consistencia dura com cerca de 7 cm de maior diâmetro e um abaulamento não pulsátil da hipofaringe com extensão à região retrocricoideia. A TC cervical revelou volumosa massa cervical (7,5 x 6 x 4,5 cm), heterogénea, de morfologia irregular, limites mal definidos, com componente retrofaríngeo mediano, infiltrando o lobo esquerdo da glândula tiroideia. A PET evidenciou metástases pulmonares. A biópsia da lesão revelou o diagnóstico de CNM. Por agravamento do quadro de disfagia, associada a dispneia alta, pelo rápido crescimento tumoral, a doente foi submetida a traqueotomia e gastrostomia percutânea. O tratamento indicado pela oncologia médica foi quimioterapia com Carbo/Taxol e RT paliativa para controlo dos episódios de hemorragia orofaríngea, altura da sua morte por progressão locoregional e pleuropulmonar da doença. Conclusões: O CNM é uma entidade rara, com uma baixa incidência, apesar de possivelmente subestimada pela dificuldade em distingui-la, através do exame anatomopatológico tradicional, de outras neoplasias com baixo grau de diferenciação ou não diferenciadas, pela falta de acesso a estudo molecular específico

Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation, COX-1/2 inhibition and molecular docking study of indole-N-acylhydrazone derivatives

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-12-13T12:58:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes AD. Synthesis, in vitro... 2018.pdf: 3558449 bytes, checksum: 47595109fd43883dd3da4f7348667a6c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-12-13T13:09:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes AD. Synthesis, in vitro... 2018.pdf: 3558449 bytes, checksum: 47595109fd43883dd3da4f7348667a6c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-13T13:09:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes AD. Synthesis, in vitro... 2018.pdf: 3558449 bytes, checksum: 47595109fd43883dd3da4f7348667a6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Brazilian agencies Fundaçao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE, Brazil) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq).Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Departamento de Farmácia. Campina Grande, PB, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Departamento de Farmácia. Campina Grande, PB, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Universidade de Pernambuco. Faculdade de Ciências, Educação e Tecnologia de Garanhuns. Garanhuns, PE, BrasilUniversidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada. Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.The objective of this work was to obtain and evaluate anti-inflammatory in vitro, in vivo and in silico potential of novel indole-N-acylhydrazone derivatives. In total, 10 new compounds (3a-j) were synthesized in satisfactory yields, through a condensation reaction in a single synthesis step. In the lymphoproliferation assay, using mice splenocytes, 3a and 3b showed inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation of 62.7% (±3.5) and 50.7% (±2), respectively, while dexamethasone presented an inhibition of 74.6% (±2.4). Moreover, compound 3b induced higher Th2 cytokines production in mice splenocytes cultures. The results for COX inhibition assays showed that compound 3b is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, but with less potency when compared to celecoxib, and compound 3a not presented selectivity towards COX-2. The molecular docking results suggest compounds 3a and 3b interact with the active site of COX-2 in similar conformations, but not with the active site of COX-1, and this may be the main reason to the COX-2 selectivity of compound 3b. In vivo carrageenan-induced paw edema assays were adopted for the confirmation of the anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 3b showed better results in suppressing edema at all tested concentrations and was able to induce an edema inhibition of 100% after 5 h of carrageenan injection at the 30 mg kg-1 dosage, corroborating with the COX inhibition and lymphoproliferation results. I addition to our experimental results, in silico analysis suggest that compounds 3a and 3b present a well-balanced profile between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Thus, our preliminary results revealed the potentiality of a new COX-2 selective derivative in the modulation of the inflammatory process

Correlation between DNA/HSA-interactions and antimalarial activity of acridine derivatives: Proposing a possible mechanism of action

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-02-04T12:52:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA, M.M. Correlation between DNA-HSA...2018.pdf: 1799843 bytes, checksum: 61b5a53ca8fb1166e0656deb9687d441 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-02-04T13:08:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA, M.M. Correlation between DNA-HSA...2018.pdf: 1799843 bytes, checksum: 61b5a53ca8fb1166e0656deb9687d441 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-04T13:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVA, M.M. Correlation between DNA-HSA...2018.pdf: 1799843 bytes, checksum: 61b5a53ca8fb1166e0656deb9687d441 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia (UFAL), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), FAPEAL (Process number 60030 000863/2016), FAPESB, FAPESQ and FACEPE. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Hospital São Rafael. Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Laboratório de Síntese e Vetorização de Moléculas. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Laboratório de Síntese e Vetorização de Moléculas. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Laboratório de Síntese e Vetorização de Moléculas. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos. Departamento de Antibióticos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Laboratório de Síntese e Vetorização de Moléculas. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Escola de Enfermagem e Farmácia. Macéio, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Laboratório de Química Medicinal, Escola de Enfermagem e Farmácia. Macéio, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia. Maceió, AL, Brasil.Acridines are considered an important class of compounds due to their wide variety of biological activities. In this work, we synthesized four acridine derivatives (1-4) and evaluated their biological activity against the Plasmodium falciparum W2 line, as well as studied the interaction with ctDNA and HSA using spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. The acridine derivative 2 (IC50 = 0.90 ± 0.08 μM) was more effective against P. falciparum than primaquine (IC50 = 1.70 ± 0.10 μM) and similar to amsacrine (IC50 = 0.80 ± 0.10 μM). In the fluorescence and UV-vis assays, it was verified that the acridine derivatives interact with ctDNA and HSA leading to a non-fluorescent supramolecular complex formation. The non-covalent binding constants ranged from 2.09 to 7.76 × 103 M-1, indicating moderate interaction with ctDNA. Through experiments with KI, fluorescence contact energy transfer and competition assays were possible to characterize the main non-covalent binding mode of the acridines evaluated with ctDNA as intercalation. The binding constants obtained showed a high linear correlation with the IC50 values against the antimalarial activity, suggesting that DNA may be the main biological target of these molecules. Finally, HSA interaction studies were performed and all evaluated compounds bind to the site II of the protein. The less active compounds (1 and 3) presented the highest affinity to HSA, indicating that the interaction with carrier protein can affect the (bio)availability of these compounds to the biological target

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data